Ultrasonic Testing - Level II

1.0 Review of Ultrasonic Technique Course

• 1.1 Principles of ultrasonics
• 1.2 Equipment
(A-Scan, B-Scan, C-Scan, Computerized systems)
• 1.3 Testing techniques
• 1.4 Calibration
(Straight-beam, Angle-beam, Resonance, Special applications)

2.0 Evaluation of Base -Material Product Forms

(Process review, Types, origin, and typical orientation of discontinuities, Response of discontinuities to ultrasound, Applicable codes/standards)

• 2.1 Ingots
• 2.2 Plate and sheet
• 2.3 Bar and rod
• 2.4 Pipe and tubular products
• 2.5 Forgings
• 2.6 Castings
• 2.7 Composite structures
• 2.8 Other product forms as applicable - rubber, glass, etc.

3.0 Evaluation of Weldments

• 3.1 Welding processes
• 3.2 Weld geometries
• 3.3 Welding discontinuities
• 3.4 Origin and typical orientation of discontinuities
• 3.5 Response of discontinuities to ultrasound
• 3.6 Applicable codes/standards

4.0 Evaluation of Bonded Structures

• 4.1 Manufacturing processes
• 4.2 Types of discontinuities
• 4.3 Origin and typical orientation of discontinuities
• 4.4 Response of discontinuities to ultrasound
• 4.5 Applicable codes/standards

5.0 Discontinuity Detection

• 5.1 Sensitivity to reflection
(Size, type, and location of discontinuities, Techniques used in detection, Wave characteristics, Material and velocity)
• 5.2 Resolution
( Standard reference comparisons, History of part, Probability of type of discontinuity, Degrees of operator discrimination, Effects of ultrasonic frequency, Damping effects)
• 5.3 Determination of discontinuity size
(Various monitor displays and meter indications, Transducer movement vs. Display, Two-dimensional testing techniques, Signal patterns)
• 5.4 Location of discontinuity
(Various monitor displays, Amplitude and linear time, Search technique)

6.0 Evaluation

6.1 Comparison procedures (Standards and references, Amplitude, area, and distance relationship, Application of results of other NDT methods) 6.2 Object appraisal (History of part, Intended use of part, Existing and applicable code interpretation, Type of discontinuity and location)